The Ultimate STEM Guide For Teachers

The Ultimate STEM Guide For Teachers

The implementation of STEM Education in Schools has become a significant trend to combat today’s global challenges through the combination of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Countries around the world are recognizing the importance of incorporating STEM Education in Schools to equip tomorrow’s workforce with 21st century skills that are in high demand and will be crucial for the future. STEM Education can help schools run more efficiently while improving their overall student outcomes. Whether you lead a school or work with students there, it’s important to know how implementing STEM Education can benefit your program. In this blog post, we will provide you insights on what implementing STEM Education means and potential benefits of doing so.

What is STEM Education?

STEM stands for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. These areas of study are interrelated and based on reason, observation, and experimentation. STEM Education is all about exposing students to these subjects and skills using methods that are age appropriate, engaging, and fun. The goal of STEM Education is to help students develop critical thinking skills, creativity, and problem solving abilities. STEM Education can be used to teach a variety of subjects, including biology, chemistry, and physics. It can also focus on developing specific skills like coding, robotics, and engineering. STEM Education is not limited to just academic subjects. It can also focus on developing social and emotional skills and help develop positive behaviours like teamwork, collaboration, and perseverance.

Why is STEM Education Important?

STEM Education is important because it will prepare students for the future work force. The majority of jobs will require skills that come from STEM Education and there are many reasons why. STEM Education can help children develop good study habits and work ethic as they will be required to put effort into their education. It can also teach children how to be better leaders. This is because STEM Education emphasizes communication skills, teamwork, and collaboration. STEM Education can also help children grow and learn from their mistakes. If children are pushed to succeed from the beginning, they may have unrealistic expectations for what their future holds. They will also not be able to identify any areas for improvement.

How to Implement STEM Education in Schools?

STEM Education is not one-size-fits-all. It’s important to conduct a study of your students and their interests to find out which areas are most relevant to your program. Once you have figured out the major areas of study in STEM, you can create fun and engaging activities for your students. There are a number of ways you can implement STEM Education in your school. Scaffolding – If you are just starting with STEM Education, you may want to consider scaffolding. This means you start with the basics and gradually add new concepts. You may want to find a STEM-friendly online course or try out some of the fun and engaging STEM Education games your students may love. You can also integrate STEAM concepts into your daily lessons. STEM-FRIENDLY ACTIVITIES – If you have a lot of extra time, you can create your own STEM-friendly activities using resources like Science and Engineering Inc. (SciEng.com) or National Institute for Collaborative Innovation (NICI). You can also look for other hands-on activities or competitions that are already being conducted in your area. STEM-MEETS-REASON – You can also try integrating STEM Education with reason-based learning. This means you have students create hypotheses and test them out with experiments.

Example of a School that has incorporated STEM education

Amarillo High School — The School District of Amarillo challenged its schools to incorporate STEM Education and create new programs and materials in STEM areas. As response, the district saw an increase in the number of STEM-related clubs, activities, and materials in Amarillo schools. This resulted in more students getting interested in STEM careers, more advanced STEM classes were filled, and the district was able to retain STEM graduates at a higher rate. The initiative created a sense of pride among the community and helped high-schoolers prepare themselves for the future. The initiatives were also able to attract more students to STEM fields at the university level. A sampling of how the district implemented STEM Education in their schools include: – The Career Clusters Program identifies everyday careers that are growing and changing. Amarillo High School students use the Career Clusters Program to help them identify their passions, passions of others in their school, and possible career paths that would help them reach their goals. – The High School’s STEM Lab offers hands-on STEM activities, including a 3D printer, an engineering robot, and an electronics lab. The lab also has a virtual reality station to help students experience STEM concepts like flight and gravity. – The District also hosts a STEM Expo that offers a variety of STEM-oriented activities for the community, including STEM demonstrations, STEM games, and STEM workshops.

Summary

STEM Education is a great way to engage your students and build their knowledge in STEM fields. There are many ways to implement STEM Education in your school, including using games, hands-on activities, and online courses. When you are looking for ways to implement STEM Education in your school, keep in mind that it is important to find activities and lessons that engage your students while also fulfilling the curriculum.

How to Use Screens to Build a Better Toolkit

How to Use Screens to Build a Better Toolkit

One of the biggest challenges for parents today is how to effectively engage their kids in activities that are fun and educational at the same time. As a result, many parents have started using technology as a means of engaging their kids — and they’re doing it in ways that we never expected! Today, it’s not just video games or YouTube videos that we use with our children; there are now virtual reality platforms, computer programming programs, and more that we can use as tools to help engage younger ones in things they’ll enjoy. The good news is that there are both pros and cons to using screens when it comes to kids. On the one hand, for example, computers and smartphones have given us access to entertainment that was previously only available to adults. On the other hand, digital media has also made it easier for children to access inappropriate content while spending too much time playing video games or watching TV shows.

What are the benefits of using screens?

Screen time has its drawbacks too, but overall, it can be a really useful part of the lives of kids. Kids who use screens can often learn faster, because they’re surrounded by lots of new information. Many screen-based learning activities can also help kids build problem-solving skills, increase their creativity, and increase their confidence. Kids who spend time using screens also often have less behavior problems than those who don’t use digital media.Kids who spend a lot of time on screens are more likely to have poor sleep, because screens often emit light and may also cause kids to feel anxious about missing out on everything that’s happening in the real world. Additionally, the blue light that screens emit may make it harder for kids to fall asleep and have a restful sleep.

Screen time has its drawbacks too

Kids who use screens also have higher rates of obesity, because they may be less active than those who aren’t on screens. Additionally, kids who use screens are more likely to have behavioural problems, because they may be more easily frustrated and less likely to exert self-control.

How do you know when it’s time to unplug?

As a rule of thumb, you should unplug when your child starts to look bored, or if they complain of headaches or feelings of stress while they’re using screens. If your child regularly complains of feeling down while they’re using screens, it’s probably time to take a break!

3 Strategies for Developing a Better Digital Toolkit for Kids

VR for Virtual RealityVirtual reality is perhaps the most exciting digital tool available today, because it allows for incredibly realistic experiences that weren’t possible before. Virtual reality systems let users “walk around” and explore a computer-generated environment, just as if they were actually in that world.VR is especially useful for helping kids with developmental transitions, like helping kids with autism transition from a routine of a single activity, like a special diet, to a routine of multiple activities. VR can also be used as a tool for helping kids with anxiety, like helping kids who have social anxiety overcome stage fright.Computer Programming for Robots and AnimatsonsComputer programming could soon go from being a luxury to being a necessity — if governments and companies start requiring it as part of the job application process. Technically, children as young as eight or nine years old can start learning programming — but with the right guidance, most kids will find it much easier to learn if they start when they’re around 11 or 12.Kids can use programming as a way to explore topics like science, math, ethics, language, geography, and more. For example, there are many programming challenges that explore geometry, such as “how many squares are in an 8×8 grid?”Kids can also use computer programming as a way to develop creativity. Some of the easiest ways to do this are to teach kids to create games and to build robots.

VR for Virtual Reality

VR is perhaps the most exciting digital tool available today, because it allows for incredibly realistic experiences that weren’t possible before. VR systems let users “walk around” and explore a computer-generated environment, just as if they were actually in that world.VR is especially useful for helping kids with developmental transitions, like helping kids with autism transition from a routine of a single activity, like a special diet, to a routine of multiple activities. VR can also be used as a tool for helping kids with anxiety, like helping kids who have social anxiety overcome stage fright.Computer Programming for Robots and AnimatsonsComputer programming could soon go from being a luxury to being a necessity — if governments and companies start requiring it as part of the job application process. Technically, children as young as eight or nine years old can start learning programming — but with the right guidance, most kids will find it much easier to learn if they start when they’re around 11 or 12.Kids can use programming as a way to explore topics like science, math, ethics, language, geography, and more. For example, there are many programming challenges that explore geometry, such as “how many squares are in an 8×8 grid?”Kids can also use computer programming as a way to develop creativity. Some of the easiest ways to do this are to teach kids to create games and to build robots.

Conclusion

Whether you use screens or not, it’s important to keep in mind that screen time is not the same thing as screen viewing. Screen time is when kids use screens, especially when it takes up a lot of their time. Screen viewing, on the other hand, is when kids simply look at screens, either for entertainment or to get information.The good news is that we now have more tools to help us engage young ones with technology than ever before. As parents, we just need to use them wisely and proactively — and most importantly, not to replace face-to-face interaction with people.

Successful Hybrid Learning Environment Design: Create Successful Online Colleges

Successful Hybrid Learning Environment Design: Create Successful Online Colleges

The world is changing rapidly. Rapid changes in technology, culture and society are creating new and exciting opportunities for businesses and their customers alike. With the help of digital technologies, people can access information at any time, anywhere in the world. This process has been termed as ‘Digital Transformation’, which has made the concept of online learning accessible to more people than ever before. With almost two-thirds of American adults now having used an internet-connected device—and over half using it for social networking—the online education landscape is ripe for hybrid learning adoption. The average adult could easily access educational content and interact with teachers and peers through an internet-enabled device.

What is a hybrid learning environment?

A hybrid learning environment is a combination of online learning, blended with other modes of learning, such as virtual reality, online-enabled content, and social networking. Hybrid learning environments are designed to provide the best of both world, by combining the best of the traditional and digital modes of learning. For example, a hybrid environment could incorporate online, blended learning with an onsite class with a qualified teacher.Hybrid learning environments have many significant benefits for students, teachers, parents, and administrators. These are as follows:- Enhanced Student Learning: A hybrid environment can give students the best of both worlds by letting students experience learning online, blended with certain face-to-face or blended modes of learning. This can be especially useful for underrepresented groups who might not have the same access to traditional face-to-face learning that others have.- Effective Teacher-Student Communication: Hybrid environments are especially helpful in bridging the communication divide between students and teachers. This is because of the ease in which technology facilitates exchange of information. In addition, hybrid environments are ideal for peer-to-peer interaction, which can improve communication, collaboration, and retention.- Flexible Scheduling: Hybrid environments allow for more strategic use of time, especially when scheduling online and blended learning modes. This can be especially useful, for example, for students who have families that require flexibility with their schedules.- Improved Student Performance: A hybrid environment can improve the overall performance of students, who now have the advantage of online learning, blended with certain face-to-face learning, or vice versa.

Benefits of Hybrid Learning

Hybrid environments also have many significant benefits for students, teachers, parents, and administrators. These are as follows:- Enhanced Student Learning: A hybrid environment can give students the best of both worlds by letting students experience learning online, blended with certain face-to-face or blended modes of learning. This can be especially useful for underrepresented groups who might not have the same access to traditional face-to-face learning that others have.- Effective Teacher-Student Communication: Hybrid environments are especially helpful in bridging the communication divide between students and teachers. This is because of the ease in which technology facilitates exchange of information. In addition, hybrid environments are ideal for peer-to-peer interaction, which can improve communication, collaboration, and retention.- Flexible Scheduling: Hybrid environments allow for more strategic use of time, especially when scheduling online and blended learning modes. This can be especially useful, for example, for students who have families that require flexibility with their schedules.- Improved Student Performance: A hybrid environment can improve the overall performance of students, who now have the advantage of online learning, blended with certain face-to-face learning, or vice versa.

Stalling Point for Online Education Reform

As the benefits of hybrid learning environments become more evident, the adoption rates are expected to increase. However, one major roadblock to the growth of hybrid learning environments is the growing trend for online education programs as a commodity. This is creating a “stalling point”, where online education programs are not recognized as being superior to traditional modes of learning.People are more likely to adopt an online learning environment if they believe it is preferable to traditional learning, whether in the form of face-to-face, blended, or online-only programs. However, people are less likely to adopt an online learning environment if they feel they are just replicating the same material as a traditional program. This can be a significant roadblock if people do not realize the benefits of hybrid learning environments.

Proven Benefits of an Effective Hybrid Learning Environment

A hybrid environment is effective, if it is well designed to create a seamless flow between online and blended learning formats. A hybrid environment can help students better understand academic concepts though online learning with the help of interactive topics, video lectures, and simulations. This can help students understand the content better and help them retain the knowledge. It can also help students connect with faculty members through chats, forums, and graded assignments. It can also help students form relationships with fellow students, who can support each other through group projects. It can also help students access the course material at any time and anywhere.

Strategies for Creating a Successful Hybrid Learning Environment

Develop an Action Plan: Hybrid learning environments create a lot of uncertainty among those who are designing and implementing them. This can be a challenge for all involved, especially for those who are new to hybrid environments.Plan for Success: Before implementing any changes in your school or institution, make sure you understand the benefits of a successful hybrid learning environment. Make sure you have analyzed your current environment and have identified the areas in which your environment could be improved. Once you have identified the areas, you can begin implementing changes to create a successful hybrid learning environment.Build a Business Case: Hybrid learning environments can be expensive to develop. The initial costs are high, and the ongoing costs are high as well. Business cases are key to making sure these investments are worth the cost.

Where to Start When Developing an Effective Hybrid Learning Environment?

In order to make an impact on the hybrid learning environment market, it is important to understand what is currently happening in the market. Hybrid learning environments are gaining popularity, but the market is still in its infancy. There are various sources that can help you understand what is happening in the market and what opportunities present themselves. These include:- Researching Trends: The hybrid learning environment market is a fast-moving industry, so it is important to keep up with the trends in the market. You can follow various blogs and news sources, attend conferences, read industry trade magazines, and participate in online communities.- Researching Companies: Hybrid learning environments span a wide range of businesses. These range from technology companies to educational institutions. It is important to research the various components that make up hybrid learning environments in order to identify the best partners for your project.- Researching Partners: Hybrid learning environments are a combination of various forms of learning, including online and blended learning. You can use the information from your research to identify the best partners for your project.

Conclusion

With the growing number of people who want to take advantage of hybrid learning environments, it is important to understand what hybrid learning is, why it is beneficial, and how to create a successful hybrid learning environment. Hybrid learning environments are a combination of various forms of learning, including online and blended learning. Hybrid learning environments can be beneficial for students, teachers, parents, and administrators, as well as for schools and institutions that implement hybrid learning environments.
5 Ways to Support Your Child’s Development with STEM

5 Ways to Support Your Child’s Development with STEM

In today’s digital world, it’s important for kids to learn how to think critically, solve problems and use logic to understand the world around them. STEM stands for science, technology, engineering and math, and it’s how we categorize activities that develop these essential problem-solving skills in children. With STEM education growing in popularity at schools and home education programs alike, parents may feel like they have an endless array of options when choosing activities for their child at home or on a rainy afternoon. However, not all STEM-based activities are created equal. Here are some ways you can support your child’s development with STEM so that they grow into a well-rounded individual who is equipped with the skills they need to thrive in life after high school.

Talk About STEM

The first thing you can do when trying to support your child’s development with STEM is to talk about it. When kids are young, they are still developing their cognitive skills. This means that they are learning how to think critically, solve problems and use logic to understand the world around them. In order to help your child learn these skills, you need to teach them. Talking to your child about STEM topics will help them understand the skills that STEM activities help them to develop. As your child gets older, you can use these discussions to help them learn critical thinking skills, such as evaluating information, connecting ideas and asking big questions. When you talk about STEM, you help your child understand the importance of these skills and why they are important.

Read Together

Reading is one of the best ways to support your child’s development with STEM. Engaging in reading with your child is a great way to spark discussion, encourage critical thinking and help your child learn new things. When choosing what books to read with your child, try to select books that are based on STEM topics. You can also try reading nonfiction books about scientific topics and events. When reading, try to ask your child questions about the book to encourage critical thinking and discussion. If you are reading with a child who is still learning to read, try reading books that have an audio version available. This will allow you to engage with your child while reading and help them to become more interested in reading.

Go on Field Trips

Another great way to support your child’s development with STEM is to go on field trips to local places that encourage STEM learning. You can find STEM-based field trips at local museums, public parks and your local children’s museum. These field trips will expose your child to STEM-based activities while also providing them with hands-on experience with the concepts they are learning at school. Your child can also learn many STEM concepts while at home through fun activities like growing plants, creating art and trying out different computer programs. Going on field trips is a great way to provide your child with hands-on experience with these concepts while also exposing them to new ideas and ways of thinking. When your child is exposed to these new activities, they are more likely to develop an interest in STEM and want to learn more about it.

Let Your Child Lead

When engaging in STEM activities with your child, try to let your child lead as much as possible. This will allow your child to feel ownership over the project, which will likely make it more interesting for them. When choosing a STEM-based project for your child, try to find one that requires them to think creatively. This will help your child develop their critical thinking skills and learn to find solutions to problems. Additionally, when your child leads the project, they will be more likely to be interested in the project. This means that your child will be more likely to remember the project and gain the skills associated with it.

Try Computer Programming

Computer programming is becoming more and more popular among kids, especially boys. This is because computer programming helps children learn to think critically and solve problems while also creating something. It is a great way to support your child’s development with STEM because it will help them learn how to break down problems and find solutions to those problems. When kids learn computer programming, they are given a problem to solve. They have to break down the problem into smaller parts and create instructions for how to solve the problem. This type of thinking is essential for life after high school, whether a child wants to go into computer science or not. While it may seem like a foreign language at first, computer programming is actually quite simple to learn. There are tons of online resources for kids interested in learning computer programming. Kids ages 8-12 are advised to try out Scratch, a simple programming language that is easy to understand and lets kids create interesting projects.

Try Out Robotics Clubs

If your child enjoys hands-on activities, robotics clubs are a great way to support your child’s development with STEM. Robotics clubs are popping up in more and more schools, and they provide kids with a hands-on experience with engineering concepts. When your child participates in a robotics club, they will learn how to break down complex problems and find solutions to them. They will also learn how to work in groups and communicate with other team members. These skills are essential for life after high school and can help your child in any career they choose. By joining a robotics club, your child will learn more about engineering and the concepts behind robotics. This will help your child understand these concepts and why they are important.

Final Words

Ultimately, the goal of STEM activities is to teach children how to think critically and use logic to solve problems. This is important for life after high school, regardless of what career a child chooses. When engaging in STEM activities with your child, try to select activities that encourage critical thinking and problem solving. This will help your child develop the skills they need to succeed in life.

6 Must-Have Future Skills For Children

6 Must-Have Future Skills For Children

Children are being prepared for jobs that do not exist yet. To help them get ready for their futures, we must provide them with the right skill set. According to many researchers and specialists, equipping children with 21st century skills will bear high importance for a child’s success in life and work. If you’re wonder what these skills are, keep reading!

1. Critical Thinking

Children who develop critical thinking skills have the ability to actively and skillfully conceptualize and analyze problems, synthesize and evaluate information gathered through experience, observation, reflection, and communication and come up with alternative solutions. While observation is the starting point of critical thinking, analysis and interpretation are important follow up features. To think critically, children will need to develop a growth mindset where their focus is more on the solution than the problem itself. When it comes time to decision making, critical thinkers will be the ones making the solutions that will change the world.

2. Creativity

Just a generation ago, society couldn’t have anticipated what technology we would have at hand, nor what obstacles we would face in today’s world. And though we haven’t developed a way to foresee the future, we can instill in upcoming generations the imagination to anticipate and develop new technologies, as well as solutions to future issues. The key to accomplishing this is enhancing and encouraging creativity. Kids should be encouraged to think and create freely. They should be able to bring to life whatever they have in their minds. Any creative act is also a form of self-expression.

3. Collaboration

When children participate in group activities, they learn a lot through collaboration. Especially in their early years, children who learn to actively share and cooperate with others are better prepared for school and the workplace, and are more open to learning from the people and resources around them. Placing children in situations where they are encouraged to work with others help them understand the meaning and importance of teamwork. Every technology we see around us is a result of a collaborative work. Thus, a good team player can achieve more and with better results!

4. Communication

Good communication skills are essential for building meaningful relationships. Like all of us, children have a need to be understood that often times rivals the urge to understand. This makes communication a fundamental skill for kids to develop. All the steps in life whether it is learning, playing or social interaction need at least minimum level of communication. Developing strong communication skills will aid your child to express their thoughts better and understand others as well.

5. Technology Literacy

Everything around us is evolving into some kind of digital format. In the 21st century, understanding how these technologies work is one of the most important skills a child can develop. Technology literacy is the ability to safely, responsibly, creatively, and effectively use technology to communicate, access, collect, integrate, and evaluate information. Immersing a child with the appropriate technology will equip them with the understanding and skills to navigate and succeed in a digital world that includes robots, coding and much more. It goes without saying that the future will be built upon ever advancing technologies; thus, kids who are competent in these areas will be more successful. It is better to start learning how to code as early as possible. Or, let your kids break devices into pieces to understand how they work. Sorry for the mess!

6. Flexibility

Among these 21st century skills, flexibility is the most comprehensive one. As a child becomes more dedicated to a certain field of study or interest, it should be encouraged that they also develop an interdisciplinary approach to that area of interest. The one constant of life and the future is change. This fact makes flexibility a golden skill that will help your little ones to adapt to any circumstance. The crises, breakthrough moments and drastic changes in technologies will become more frequent. As a consequence, children who can comprehend and react to each change will succeed in life as adults. Teach your kids how to embrace moments of change and turn them into an opportunity to grow. Be engaged and proactive! Learn with them on how to become more flexible and succeed together.

How to Introduce Children to Programming?

How to Introduce Children to Programming?

If you have a kid who loves tech, you are probably wondering how to introduce him or her to programming. It is not something that kids learn about in school anymore, which means parents need to take matters into their own hands. But programming is not just something that your kid can do on a screen. There are many ways to introduce kids to coding and other programming concepts.A lot of people think that computers and coding are the same thing. However, they are very different things with different applications in real life situations. Learning how to program is not just about learning some computer language—it’s about teaching your child a new way of thinking. Learning how to code will help your child feel more confident in tackling new challenges and solving problems systematically. Keep reading for more information about teaching kids programming and some great resources if you’re interested in introducing your child to this awesome and challenging hobby.

What is Programming?

Programming is the process of creating a set of instructions for a computer or machine to follow. It is one of the most versatile and important skills that exist.Programming is used in all kinds of industries—from designing websites to building robots. It is also used for scientific research in fields like artificial intelligence, genomics, and quantum computing.Programming is a great skill that people can use in almost every aspect of work and everyday life.

Why Teach Kids Programming?

Computer programming is more than just learning how to write code—it’s a way of thinking. When you are programming, you are trying to figure out how to solve a problem in the most efficient way possible. There is more than one way to solve any given problem, and a programmer chooses the most efficient way.Programming is also a great way to introduce kids to logical thinking. Since programming involves coming up with solutions to problems that don’t necessarily have an obvious solution, kids will learn to think logically about everything. Programming is also a creative activity that can be done alone or with friends. Kids can make all kinds of things with programming, from simple games to complex robots and websites.A child who knows how to code is not only more employable but also more likely to make more money!

Things You Can Teach With Programming

You can teach kids any number of useful things with programming. You can teach them to create their own websites, design their own games, or build their own apps. You can also teach them to control devices like lights, fans, and even robots. Kids can even program devices that automate tasks around the house, like a device that cleans your house while you sleep.When kids learn to program, they learn to think in a way that can be applied to any situation. They will also gain a confidence in their skills that will last a lifetime.

How to Get Started Teaching Your Kid Programming

There are lots of different ways to introduce your child to programming. You can start with a simple computer language like Python or Scratch, or you can try something like making a robot or building a cool circuit board.When choosing a language for your child, think about which one will be most useful in their future career. Computer programming languages are constantly evolving, so languages like Java and C++ are not as widely used as they once were. There are also languages like Python and Ruby that are widely used for many different applications.

Playful & easy programming for kids with the Twin app

Discover 1000+ projects to create with Twin App’s interactive coding classes & games! With the Twin mobile application, kids learn to code from a professional software engineer. They apply coding for a meaningful purpose like cleaning the forests and oceans. Using Twin’s social platform features they can also share their coding projects with peers & become role models in a fully-moderated environment.

Other Resources for Teaching Kids to Code

– Code.org – Code.org is one of the most well-known organizations that support kids coding. They are an excellent resource for parents who want to introduce their kids to programming.- TED Ed – TED Ed is TED’s education initiative that is focused on creating educational videos about teaching kids and adults new skills.- Code Scouts – Code Scouts offers a subscription service that sends your child a new challenge every week. They also have a wide variety of different types of challenges for different ages and abilities.- MIT Scratch – MIT Scratch is a language designed for kids that is similar to Scratch. It is a great language for kids to learn because it is designed for younger kids.

Conclusion

Computer programming is a useful skill for both kids and adults. It is important to introduce your child to programming early so they can get the most out of it. There are many ways to introduce kids to computer programming. Start with a simple computer language like Python or Scratch and expand from there. There are many resources available online to help you teach your child to code.
Privacy Overview

This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.